Guides mobile-first indexing optimization and mobile usability. Google uses the mobile version of pages for indexing and ranking; mobile-friendliness is a ranking factor.
When invoking: On first use, if helpful, open with 1–2 sentences on what this skill covers and why it matters, then provide the main output. On subsequent use or when the user asks to skip, go directly to the main output.
Check for project context first: If .claude/project-context.md or .cursor/project-context.md exists, read it for site URL.
Identify:
| Requirement | Action |
|---|---|
| ------------- | -------- |
| Content parity | Mobile version must include same primary content as desktop; avoid hiding key content on mobile |
| Structured data | Same schema on mobile and desktop; ensure mobile URLs in schema |
| Metadata | Same title, meta description on mobile |
| Media | Images should be crawlable; avoid lazy-loading above-fold images |
Responsive design = Single HTML; CSS media queries adapt layout to screen size. Preferred for SEO: one URL, no duplicate content.
| Principle | Practice |
|---|---|
| ----------- | ---------- |
| Mobile-first | Design for mobile first; enhance for desktop |
| Fluid layout | Use %, vw, flex, grid; avoid fixed pixel widths |
| Breakpoints | Common: 320px, 768px, 1024px, 1280px; match device widths |
| Images | Responsive images (srcset, sizes); see image-optimization |
The viewport meta tag tells browsers how to scale and size the page on mobile. Required for mobile-friendly pages.
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
| Attribute | Purpose |
|---|---|
| ----------- | --------- |
width=device-width | Match viewport to device screen width |
initial-scale=1 | 1:1 scale on load; prevents zoom |
maximum-scale | Avoid disabling zoom (accessibility) |
user-scalable=no | Avoid—hurts accessibility |
Without viewport: Desktop layout shrunk; horizontal scroll; fails Mobile-Friendly Test. See page-metadata.
| Element | Guideline |
|---|---|
| --------- | ----------- |
| Viewport | See above; required for mobile-friendly |
| Font size | 16px minimum for body text; avoid zooming to read |
| Touch targets | Buttons/links ≥48×48px; adequate spacing between taps |
| Content width | No horizontal scrolling; content fits viewport |
| Intrusive interstitials | Avoid popups that block main content on mobile |
| Issue | Fix |
|---|---|
| ------- | ----- |
| Content hidden on mobile | Show critical content; avoid accordion/tabs for primary content |
| Flash / unsupported | Replace with HTML5 alternatives |
| Text too small | Use base font ≥16px; avoid font-size in px <12 |
| Links too close | Increase tap target size; add padding |
| Approach | When | Note |
|---|---|---|
| ---------- | ------ | ----- |
| Responsive | Preferred | Single URL; same HTML, CSS media queries |
| Dynamic serving | Same URL, different HTML by user-agent | Ensure mobile content parity |
| Separate URLs | m.example.com | Use canonical + hreflang; see canonical-tag, page-metadata |
AMP is a web component framework for fast-loading pages. Status (2024–2025): Still supported; no longer required for Top Stories or ranking.
| Aspect | Note |
|---|---|
| -------- | ------ |
| Ranking | No ranking advantage over well-optimized responsive pages |
| Top Stories | AMP no longer required since 2021; Core Web Vitals suffice |
| When to consider | News sites, ad-heavy pages, very slow hosting—but responsive + CWV usually better |
| Alternative | Responsive design + core-web-vitals optimization; SSR/SSG; see rendering-strategies |
Recommendation: For most sites, prioritize responsive design and Core Web Vitals over AMP. AMP adds maintenance (separate AMP HTML); modern optimization offers similar performance with more flexibility.
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