Android UI automation testing using Appium with USB-connected real devices.
Required tools (must be installed):
npm install -g @appium/doctor)Verify installation:
adb version
appium --version
appium doctor
| Goal | Command |
|---|---|
| ------ | --------- |
| List connected devices | adb devices |
| Get device info | adb shell getprop ro.build.version.release |
| Restart ADB server | adb kill-server && adb start-server |
| USB debug authorization | Check phone for authorization prompt |
| Goal | Command |
|---|---|
| ------ | --------- |
| Start Appium | appium --address 127.0.0.1 --port 4723 |
| Start with relaxed security | appium --relaxed-security |
| Check Appium status | curl http://127.0.0.1:4723/status |
| Goal | Endpoint/Action |
|---|---|
| ------ | ----------------- |
| Start session | POST /session with capabilities |
| Find element | POST /session/{id}/element |
| Click element | POST /session/{id}/element/{id}/click |
| Send keys | POST /session/{id}/element/{id}/value |
| Take screenshot | GET /session/{id}/screenshot |
| Get page source | GET /session/{id}/source |
| Quit session | DELETE /session/{id} |
adb devices
Ensure device shows device status (not unauthorized or offline).
appium --address 127.0.0.1 --port 4723 --relaxed-security
Use desired capabilities for USB device:
{
"platformName": "Android",
"deviceName": "device",
"udid": "<device-udid>",
"app": "/path/to/app.apk",
"automationName": "UiAutomator2",
"noReset": true
}
adb install app.apkappActivity capabilityfind_element("id", "com.example:id/button")find_element("xpath", "//*[@text='Submit']")adb logcat| Error | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| ------- | ------- | ---------- |
device not found | USB connection issue | Check adb devices, restart ADB server |
unauthorized | USB debug not authorized | Unlock phone, authorize the computer |
no such element | Element not found | Use find_elements with wait, check page source |
session not created | Capability mismatch | Verify UDID, platform version, app path |
UdID from adb devices for real device testingUiAutomator2 as automation engine for AndroidnoReset: true preserves app state between sessionsadb tcpip 5555 then adb connect :5555 共 1 个版本